…. Simple past .…
Y. The
Functions:
¯.
Used to talk about an activity or situation that began and ended at on
particular time in the past.
E.g.: It snowed
yesterday.
¯.
Used to talk about a finished time of an activity (yesterday, ten minutes ago, in
1985, when I was a child).
E.g.: The weather was
nice yesterday.
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The teaching method
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Aux : did (- / ? / -?
)
Mengandung kata Sudah dlm (+) / tidak dlm (-) ← SIMPLE PAST Verb : V2
Time signal (harus)
*. Did dan V2 tidak akan pernah bertemu dalam satu kalimat di Simple
Past, karena Did ( - / ? / -?
) dan V2 ( + ).
Y. Fungsi:
¯. Menyatakan aktifitas yang terjadi di masa lampau dgn
keterangan waktu yang jelas (tdk
berlangsung sekarang)
E.g.: I went to Surabaya yesterday.
Y. Rumus:
( + ). S + V2* +
O + T.S
E.g.: We
ate rice yesterday.
( -
). S + did + not (didn’t) + V1 + O + T.S E.g.:
We did not eat rice yesterday.
( ?
). Did + S + V1 + O + T.S +
?
E.g.: Did we eat rice
yesterday?
(-?). Didn’t + S + V1 + O + T.S + ? E.g.: Didn’t we eat rice yesterday?
*. Bahasa Inggris terdiri dari 4 bentuk
Verb:
1.
V1 ( The simple form or The simple present): adalah bentuk pertama yang tidak
di akhiri dgn (final -s, -ed, or -ing).
2.
V2 ( The simple past or The past form): adalah yang berakhiran dgn -ed
(regular verbs)
3.
V3 ( The past participle): adalah yang berakhiran dgn -ed (regular verbs).
Digunakan dlm perfect tenses.
4. V-ing ( The present
participle): di rakhiri dgn -ing (dlm regular / irregular
verbs). Digunakan dlm progressive tenses.
*. Verb
2 (Past Form) hanya dalam positive sentence.
*. Did
untuk semua subject (Did + all subject).
*. Time Signal:
Yesterday, Last + (week, month, year, Tuesday), two days ago, ….. ago.
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…. Past continues .…
Y. The Functions:
¯.
Says that something was in progress (going on) around a particular past time.
E.g.: What were you
doing at eight o’clock
yesterday evening?
¯.
To stress that an activity was in progress at every moment during a period of
time.
E.g.: I was painting all
day yesterday.
¯.
Used together with The Simple Past. It’s a short action happed in the middle of
the Past progressive.
E.g.: As I was walking
down the road, I saw Bill. // The telephone rang while I was having dinner.
¯.
Like other Progressive forms, is used for temporary actions and situations.
E.g.: It happened while
was living in Batam last month.
¯.
Can be used with (always, continually,
forever, and constantly) to talk things repeatedly and unexpectedly.
E.g.: I didn’t like him,
he was always borrowing money.
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The teaching method
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Aux
: was / were
Mengandung kata
(sedang) dlm ( + / - / ? / -? ) ← PAST CONTINUOUS Verb:
V-ing
Time signal (simple past + o’clock)
Y. Fungsi: 1. Aktifitas yg sdg berlangsung di masa lampau di waktu
tertentu.
E.g.: At eight o’clock
last night, I was studying English.
2.
Menyataan 2 aktifitas berpotongan. (Past Prog VS Simple Past)
E.g.: I was walking down the street when it began to rain.
Y. Rumus: ( + ). S + was/ were + V-ing + O + T.S. E.g.: I was eating at
this time last night
( -
). S + was/ were + not + V-ing + O + T.S. E.g.: I wasn’t
eating at this time last night.
( ?
). Was/ were + S + V-ing + O + T.S + ? E.g.: Was I
eating at this time last night.
(-?). Wasn’t/ weren’t + S + V-ing + O + T.S + ? E.g.: Wasn’t I eating
at this time last night?
*. Was
di gunakan dlm semua bentuk kalimat dgn subject (I + SOK3T).
E.g.: I, She, He, It, Jack, Susan was teaching me at this
time yesterday.
*. Were
di gunakan dlm semua bentuk kalimat dgn subject (They, We, you).
E.g.: They, We, You were
teaching me at this time yesterday.
*. Time Signal: at this time yesterday, at the
same time yesterday, at….. o’clock yesterday.
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Sistem dua
kejadian di past tense
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Name
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Tense
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Conjunction
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Example
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Bersamaan
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P. Cont Vs P. Cont
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while
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E.g.: *. While I was thinking about Irma, she
was thinking about me.
Time clause main clause
*.
Bila T.C di depan M.C maka ditambahkan comma setelah T.C.
*.
Rumus:
T.C (while + P. Cont) + comma + M.C (P. Cont)
E.g.: *. Irma was
thinking about me while I was thinking about me.
Main clause time clause
*.
Tanpa comma bila M.C di depan T.M
*.
Rumus:
M.C (P. Cont) + T.C (while + P. Cont)
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*. Dua aktifitas yg sdg berlangsung di masa lampau dlm waktu yg
sama (subject / tempat = beda).
*. Dalam system 2kejadian bersamaan tdk terdapat kejadian
pertama / kedua.
*. Tenses ( Past continuous Vs Past Cotinuous ) hanya 1conj (While).
*. (While + Past Cotinuous) menjadi Time Clause (anak kalimat)
dan tdk dpt berdiri sendiri.
*. Tidak terdapat K1 // K2.
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Berpotongan
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S. Past Vs P. Cont
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While + P. Cont
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E.g.: *. While
Irma was phoning me, her father called her.
Time clause main clause
*.
Bila T.C didepan M.C maka ditambahkan comma setelah T.C.
E.g.: *. Irma’s father called her while she was
phoning me.
Main clause time clause
*.
Tanpa comma bila M.C didepan T.C.
*.
While
she was phoning me ( Anak
kalimat // Kejadian K1 )
*.
Her
father called her (
Induk kalimat // Kejadian K2 )
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When + S. Past
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E.g.: *. When
Irma’s father called her, she was phoning me.
Time clause main clause
*. Bila T.C didepan M.C maka ditambahkan comma setelah T.C.
E.g.: *. Irma
was phoning me when her father called her.
Main clause
time clause
*. Tanpa comma bila M.C didepan T.C.
*. When Irma’s father called her
(Anak kalimat // Kejadian K2)
*. She was phoning me (Induk kalimat //
Kejadian K1)
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*. Dua aktivitas dimana kejadian 1 sdg berlangsung (P.Cont)
dipotong dgn kejadian 2 (S.Past).
*. Untuk mengetahui K1 // K2 di
lihat dari ( tenses ) – P. Cont (K1) & S. Past (K2).
*. Untuk mengetahui I.K
// A.K - Conj ( tiap kalimat yg di dahului dgn Conj berkedudukan sbg Anak
Kalimat ).
*. Ada
2conj (While // When) – While + P.Cont & When + S. Past.
*. Rumus : (While)
= #. While + P.Cont (K1 // A.K) +
comma + S.Past (K2 // I.K)
#. S.Past (K2 // I.K) + while + P.Cont (K1 // A.K)
(When)
= #. When + S.Past (K2
// A..K) + comma + P.Cont (K1 // I.K)
#. P.Cont (K1 //
I.K) + when + S.Past (K2 // A.K)
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Berurutan
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S. Past Vs S. Past
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When + K1
After + K1
As soon as
+ K1
Before + K2
Until + K2
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E.g.: *. When/ After/ As soon as the phone rang, my
chick answered it
Time clause // K1 main clause // K2
*. My chick answered the phone
when/ after/ as soon as it rang.
Main clause // K2
time clause // K1
E.g.:
*. Before my chick answered the phone, it rang.
Time clause // K2
M.C // K1
E.g.:
* The phone rang until my chick answered it.
M.C // K1 T.C // K2
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Past. Perf Vs S.
Past
K1 K2
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When + K2 (S. Past)
Before + K2
Until + K2
By the time + K2
After + K1 (Pa.Perf)
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E.g.: When, Before, By
the time I came there, Tono had already gone.
T.C // K2 M.C // K1
E.g.:
After Tono had already gone, I
came there.
T.C // K1 M.C // K2
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*. Bila Conj (After // Before) maka blh
menggunakan (S. Past Vs S. Past // Past. Perf
Vs S. Past) – sama arti.
E.g.: After
I finished doing my work, I went to bed //
After I had finished doing my work, I went to bed.
Have
the same meaning
E.g.:
Before I went to bed, I finished doing my work // Before I went to bed, I
had finished doing my work.
Have the same meaning
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Note: *. For
farther information please open: 1.
Michael Swan (page: 426- 428)
2.
Blue Betty 2nd (Page: 24 and 39)
3.
Blue Betty 3rd (page: 27 and 45)
4.
Black Betty 2nd (page: 32 and 189)
5.
Black Betty 3rd (page: 39, 48 and 113)
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