Simple present tense

…. SIMPLE PRESENT . …

      Y. The functions:

                        ¯. Expresses daily habits or usual activity.

                                E.g.: Ann takes a shower every day.

                        ¯. Expresses general statement of fact.

                                E.g.: The sky is blue / A square has four equal sides.

                        ¯. To talk about things in general, not thinking only about now.

                                E.g.: Alex is a bus driver, but now in a bed asleep.

                                        So: He is not driving a bus. (He is asleep)

                                     But He drives a bus. (He is a bus driver)

                        ¯. Expresses future time when events are on a definite schedule or timetable.

                                •. The verbs are (arrive, leave, start, begin, end, finish, open, close, be)

                                    E.g.: Tom’s new job starts next week.

                                •. Verbs like Intend, Plan and Hope are used in present tense to express present ideas about

                                    future activity.

                                    E.g.: I’m planning/ I plan to take a trip next month.

                        ¯. Series of events (when we want to talk about series of actions)

                                E.g.: Watch carefully. First I take a bowl and break two eggs into it.

                        ¯. General time (we use to talk about permanent situation or things that happen regularly)

                                 E.g.: What do frogs eat?

                        ¯. Promise (sometimes we do things by saying special words – promise, swear, agree, deny)

                                E.g.: I promise never to smoke again. (not I’m promising…)

                        ¯. Instructions (often used when we ask for and give directions and instructions)

                                E.g.: How do I get to  the station? You go straight on to the traffic lights, then you turn left….

        Y. Spelling : Final -s vs –es

                  There are four points of additional s/es of verb:

                        1. Final -s (P.S): final -s, not -es, is added to most verbs. (visit- visits, speak- speaks).

                                •. Many verbs end in -e. Final -s is simply added.

                        2. Final -es is added if the verb ends in: ss, ch, sh, x, o, z.

                        3. The Y verb (here we talk about verbs end by “Y”). Its has two points:

                                •. If a verb ends in a consonant + -y, change the -y to -I and add -es. (Fly- Flies, Dry- Dries)

                                •. If a verb ends in a vowel + -y, simply add -s. (Buy- Buys, Play- Plays)

                        4. Have- Has.

        Y. The time signals (Frequency adverbs):

                                    always                                                                                            seldom

                                                almost always                                                                                rarely

                                                usually                                                                    Negative         hardly ever  *. Are not used with negative verb.

                                                often                                                                                                     almost never

                        Positive           frequently                                                                                       not ever, never 

                                                generally

                                                sometimes

                                                occasionally

                        ¯. Frequency Adverbs usual position:

                                •. In positive : •.Verbal (come after the subject or between subject and the simple form)

                                                E.g.: I always tell the truth.

                                                          •. Nominal (come after be : is, am, are/ was, were)

                                                E.g.: He is always on time.

                                •. In negative: (most of F.A come after the subject or in front of a negative verb) except always, ever, usually*.

                                                E.g.: We usually don’t eat breakfast / We don’t usually eat breakfast (Raymond).

                                                         They sometimes aren’t here.

                                                         You don’t always/ ever eat breakfast.

                                •. In question: (F.A come after the subject)

                                                E.g.: •.  (Verbal): Do you always eat breakfast?   •. (Nominal): Are you always here at noon?

        Y. Guys when we talk about answer of yes/no question, its has two kinds are short and long answer.

PRESENT VERBS: ANSWERS TO YES/NO QUESTIONS
	Question	Short answer	Long answer
Question with DO/DOES	Does Bob like tea?	Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.	Yes, he likes tea. No, he doesn’t like tea.
	Do you like tea?	Yes, I do. No, I don’t.	Yes, I like tea. No, I don’t like tea.
Question with BE	Are you studying?	Yes, I am. No, I am not.	Yes, I am (I’m) studying No, I’m not studying.
	Is Yoko fine?	Yes she is. No, she isn’t/ she’s not.	Yes, she is (she’s) fine. No, she’s not/ she isn’t fine.
	Are they fine	Yes, they are. No, they’re not/ they aren’t.	Yes, they are (they’re) fine. No, they aren’t/ they’re not fine.

                               

The teaching method

Aux: Do/ Does (K: -/ ?/-?)                                                                                                         SIMPLE PRESENT                   Do (DEWI AYU) - they, we, I, you.                                                                                                   Sederhana sekarang                     Does (SOK3T) - she, he, it, Jack etc.                                                                                                                                                         Penambahan s/ -es (K: +) Y. Fungsi : 1. Kebiasaan yang di kerjakan. E.g.: I always eat breakfast before study.                      2. Kebenaran umum (syarat : 1. Berhubungan dg alam. 2. Semua tau. 3. Tidak terbantahkan.) E.g.: Fire is hot. . Rumus: (+).   S + V1(s/es) + O + T.S                                                Pernyataan.    E.g:…….                 (-).   S + don’t/ doesn’t + V1 + O + T.S                    Penolakan/ Sangkalan. (tidak)    E.g:……..                    (?).    Do/ Does + S + V1 + O + T.S + ?                      Pertanyaan (apakah) : butuh informasi 100%   E.g:……..                 (-?).  Don’t/ Doesn’t + S + V1 + O +T.S + ?              Penegasan (bukankah) : negaskan berita yg di dapat. E.g:……                          Do/ Does + S + not Y. Penambahan -s/-es: (syarat: 1. Tense: simple present. 2. Kalimat: positive. 3. Subject: SOK3T*.)       Ada 4: 1. Penambahan -s (P.S): terjadi hampir pada semua kata kerja. E.g: work- works.                   2. Penambahan -es (P.ES): dengan 6 akhiran pada verb -ss (kiss+es), -sh (wash+es), -ch (watch+es), -x (box+es)                                                                                                             ,-o (do+es), -z( buzz+es).                   3. Permasalahn -y (P.Y): •. Verb berakhiran “y”, sebelumnya “vowel”-langsung +s. (Buy - Buys).                                                            •. Verb berakhiran “y”, sebelumnya “konsonan”-“y” menjadi “I” dan +es. (Fly - Flies).                   4. Permasalahan Have dirubah menjadi Has. E.g: I have a book. - She has a book* . Y. Time Signal : •. Adverbs of frequency (always, usually, frequently, sometimes, ever, often, seldom*, rarely*, never*).                               •. Adverbs of quantity (every day, week, month, year, once….., twice….., three.., four.., five times)                                        ¯. Seldom, rarely, never (tidak di gunakan di negative karena memiliki arti negative.)                                        ¯. I never eat dinner sama dengan ( I don’t ever eat dinner).                                        ¯. Always dan Ever mengikuti don’t/ doesn’t.                                              E.g: I don’t always/ ever eat dinner            E.g: She doesn’t always/ ever eat dinner.